The current study deals with in vitro propagation, antioxidant property estimation, and assessment of acacetin content in scrophularia kakudensis franch. Production of highquality ornithogalum thyrsoides cut. Liquid culture systems for in vitro plant propagation. Numerous factors are reported to influence the success of in vitro propagation of different medicinal plants and, therefore, it is unwise to define any particular reason for the general micropropagation of medicinal plants. An improved and enhanced method was established for the in vitro propagation of croton. These subcultures continued at an interval of 2 months. In vitro propagation mainly relies on two classes of plant growth regulators. Then, shoot tips were excised and established on murashige and skoog medium. The journal provides original research devoted to the advancement and dissemination. An important application of chemicals in plant biology is their use as plant growth regulators in in vitro plant tissue culture. Further growth and flowering of acclimated plants were monitored.
Here we describe detailed protocols for two orchid genera hybrid cymbidium twilight moon day light and dendrobium jayakarta, d gradita 31, and d. Application of a temporary immersion system in mass propagation of phalaenopsis 231. Micro propagation is an advanced technique for producing a large number of genetically uniform and pathogen free plants. Earlier, there have been few reports on establishment of in vitro propagation through callus culture of c. In vitro propagation of bulblets and lcmsms analysis of. A single orchid capsule contains millions of seeds, which lack any metabolic machinery and do not have any endosperm. The explants were collected from the well developed true to type mother plants.
The exploitation of in vitro methods for profitable plant micropropagation requires automation and scalingup, which depend on the use of liquid cultures takayama and misawa, 1981. Acclimatization and survival were shown to be 90% in regenerated plants. Agar, agarose and alginates can be used as a solid support for the growth of cells of bacteria, animals or plants. The different plant material that can be irradiatedmutagenized include rooted stem, cuttings, detached leaves, dormant budsplants, shoot apices apical and. The main aim of this work was to refine the existing protocol for the mass propagation of c. The apical meristems was used as the explants cultured on murashige and skoog 1962 medium ms supplemented different. The use of bioreactors is a step forward for commercial propagation of ornamental plants. In vitro cultivation of plants is a necessary step in many experiments like micropropagation, creation of virusfree plants and genetic transformation. This process is slow in response and need to maintain large number of mother plants stock. Simplified method of in vitro propagation of spathiphyllum floribundum l petite for the mass propagation has been developed.
Micropropagation is an advanced vegetative propagation technology for producing a large number of genetically superior and pathogenfree transplants in a limited time and space. Somaclonal variationphenotypic variation, either genetic or epigenetic in origin. Liquid culture systems for in vitro plant propagation ix 14. The objective of this study was to investigate the optimum concentration of plant growth regulators for explants cultured in vitro to produce inflorescences of ornithogalum thyrsoides chesapeake starlight forcing directly from in vitro propagules in one year. South africa has a very rich plant biodiversity, many of which are medicinally useful. Plant in vitro regeneration is a biotechnological tool that offers a potential solution to this problem as it provides a means of putting the plants onto the market at lower prices. In vitro plant propagation techniques help to produce select clones of superior individual genotypes 12. For further propagation of bulblets, whole explants with developing bulblets from the previous experiment were subcultured to new bottles containing 100 ml of fresh 12 x strength msbm supplemented with 2. A procedure to regenerate plants genetically identical to the starting one.
Orchids are considered recalcitrant plants in in vitro propagation. In vitro plants were developed from ex vitro axillary buds. In vitro propagation through meristemtip culture is a reliable clonal propagation method for truetotype plant regeneration that guarantees stable transfer of desired traits into commercial. Protocols for in vitro propagation of ornamental plants. The in vitro division of nsip is located in tapachula, chiapas, mexico and is dedicated to the improvement, propagation, production, and sales of key specialty and tropical species. Recent studies2 4 revealed that most chlorophyllous plants in vitro have the ability to grow photoautotrophically, and that the low co 2 concentration in the airtight. The orchid seed germination in nature is less than 3%. In vitro plant propagation laboratory technical capacity 22 laminar flow work benches 4 independent dissection rooms 5 growth rooms each capacity 1m plantannum separate quarantine area and growth room for imported plants daff authorised human resources our laboratory manager has a masters degree and over 20 years experience in tissue culture. Pdf in vitro propagation of quercus sideroxyla from. In vitro regeneration of medicinal plants hold tremendous potential for the production of highquality plantbased medicine tripathi and tripathi, 2003. The prodigious advantages of in vitro aseptic technique of clonal propagation i. In vitro culture is an alternative method for conservation and propagation of this species, but no report.
However, there are no management programs for replacing plants, so their. Propagation from seed is unreliable due to poor germination and death of many young seedlings under natural conditions anonymous 1988. In vitro propagation of five alocasia species scielo. It is a medicinal plant native to asia widely used in ayurveda. Virus elimination from ornamental plants using in vitro. Research and development of protocols for in vitro propagation techniques and other commercial propagation of plants development and project management agroindustriales our techniques allow commercial cloning of plants with superior features and free of virus yields, with. Pdf micropropagation is an alternative mean of propagation that can be employed in mass multiplication of plants in relatively shorter time. In vitro clonal propagation is only the alternative way for the regeneration and expedites release of large number of c. A simple and an efficient in vitro propagation protocol of gentiana scabra bunge by optimizing the medium composition and ventilation closure treatments has been developed.
In vitro propagation of australian native ornamental plant, scaevola chui eng wong and prem l. The explants were trimmed to the size of 1 to 2 cm, followed by tap water wash for 30 minutes. Less side effects, better compatibility and only accessible cure for some diseases makes the herbal. Propagation by seeds is the major method by which plants reproduce in nature and one. Liquid culture systems for in vitro plant propagation a. Rapid cloning of elite genotype through in vitro adventitious shoot propagation is extensively employed for many fruit species zimmerman 1986.
Examples include polyembryony in citrus and crabapples, and the formation of bulbils in garlic. Pdf quercus sideroxyla is used to produce firewood, carbon and paper pulp. In vitro propagation and secondary metabolites production. Micropropagation of medicinal plants has been achieved through rapid proliferation of shoottips and axillary buds in culture. The methods of i11 vitro propagation of plants can. In vitro propagation and phytochemical screening of. In vitro mutagenesis effect of gamma irradiation on in vitro culture shoot tips and lateral buds of gypsophila paniculata l. Plant tissue culture is the process whereby small pieces of living tissue are isolated from an organism and grown aseptically for indefinite periods on a nutrient medium under controlled conditions ali et al. To overcome this problem, plant tissue culture propagation has been applied which has been used for rapid clonal propagation of many plants 7. In vitro propagation of aloe vera linn from shoot tip culture global. Micropropagation is the practice of rapidly multiplying stock plant material to produce many progeny plants, using modern plant tissue culture methods micropropagation is used to multiply plants such as those that have been genetically modified or bred through conventional plant breeding methods. We are the largest producer of planting materials for tropical and specialty crops in latin america with. In vitro cultivation and root initiation of the endangered.
In vitro seed germination, plantlet growth, tuberization, and synthetic. In vitro propagation techniques of tea plams jircas. Moreover, plants obtained from secondary organogenesis from disorganized tissues such as callus may not be true to type due to somaclonal variation. In vitro seed germination, plantlet growth, tuberization. An overview 27 shoots was done on half strength ms media supplemented with iba in combination with naphthalene acetic acid naa 65.
Medicinal plants are the most important source of life saving drugs for the majority of the worlds population. In vitro propagation of carnation dianthus caryophyllus. In vitro micro propagation is an advanced technique which offers a large number of genetically uniform and disease free plants in limited duration and space 23. In the case of woody plants such as apple, grape and cherry, the techniques have found commercial uses. In our previous reports, we have reported two separate growth regulators for in vitro shoot formation tdz, 0.
Somatic embryos con verted into plantlets in a medium without growth regulators. In vitro propagation of plants through tissue culture technique has been achieved by using the appropriate concentration and combinations of plant growth hormones 21,22. Plants obtained either by shoot proliferation or somatic. The rich resource is decreasing at an alarming rate as a result of over exploitation. In tribal name of justicia adhatoda known as kala basa encyclopedia, 20. Plants of this genus are rhizomatous or bulbous perennials with large heart shaped leaves. In vitro selection and hormonal regulation in cell culture. Micropropagation has many synonyms tissue culture, mass propagation, in vitro culture, cloning. Fibrillation of new plants proceeds in such a degree that it would not be possible in natural conditions. Together, they regulate cell proliferation and differentiation and are used to induce shoot or root organogenesis. Highefficiency micropropagation, with relatively low labour costs, has been demonstrated in this unique book detailing liquid media systems for plant tissue culture. Effective methods, simple and reliable of in vitro propagation of tea plants have successfully been established.
Several factors, other than auxins, have been reported to effect in vitro rooting moncousin, 1991 and references therein. An efficient micro propagation and in vitro conservation method via direct and indirect organogenesis from seed and leaf explants, respectively, was established in this study. Regenerationin plant cultures, a morphogenetic response to a stimulus that results in the products of organs, embryos, or whole plants. Invitro propagation of ornamentals in vitro culture is one of the input tools of plant biotechnology that exploits the totipotency character of plant cells, a concept unambiguously confirmed for the first time by steward et al.
In vitro propagation of the wild carrot daucus carota l. Several protocols for the in vitro propagation of this species including nodal segment culture, somatic embryogenesis, and adventitious shoot induction are. Plant tissue culturethe growth or maintenance of plant cells, tissues, organs or whole plants in vitro. In vitro propagation of tropical hardwood tree species northern. Tissue culture plants flowered after 5 months of transfer to pots. An efficient method for in vitro propagation of alstroemeria. Here, we established the protocol for plant regeneration of psoralea corylifolia via in vitro micro propagation. A protocol for in vitro propagation of the wild germander teucrium polium l. Effect of cytokinins and auxins on micropropagation of. In vitro propagation of ornamental myrtus myrtus communis barbara ruffoni, carlo mascarello, and marco savona 25. Micropropagation is an alternative mean of propagation that can meet its high demand in relatively shorter time. In vitro rooted plantlet of pulsatilla patens a, after onemonth of ex vitro acclimatization b. Adventitious shoot induction was achieved from the nodal explant with the highest number of adventitious shoots per explant 17.
In vitro manipulation and propagation of medicinal plants. Production of virusfree stock plants malgorzata podwyszynska and dariusz sochacki 24. Cytokinin, carbon source, and acclimatization requirements. This way we can get within one year 70000 plants on the area of 1 squared meter. In vitro propagation of these species was established using shoot tip explants. It is also used to provide a sufficient number of plantlets for planting from a stock plant. Multiple shoot formation from nodal explants was achieved on ms medium, but the total nitrogen requirement was lower than that of ms medium66. The protocol can be very useful in germplasm conservation and commercial cultivation of g. The facilities include highthroughput, stateoftheart laboratories, greenhouses, and nurseries. Efficient rooting and biological hardening of tissue.
Tissue culture serves as an alternative to vegetative propagation by conventional methods, such as by rooting of cuttings. In vitro propagation techniques and medicinal plant species. In vitro seed germination has become an important technique for propagation of a large number of orchids arditti et al. The seed of both ramonda species were collected from different populations in kosovo, and were germinated in nutrient media jgb without any phytohormone. Proliferation of shoots was tested with different levels of 6furfurylaminopurin, 6benzyladenine, or thiadiazuron.