A working group meeting on heavy vehicle aerodynamic drag was held at nasa ames research center on september 23, 2002. Evolution of heavyduty emission control technology from 20102019 6 figure 2. Assessment of fuel economy technologies for lightduty. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. Roadmapping engine technology for post2020 heavy duty vehicles. Chapter 6 refers to reactivity and stability of fuels with regard to interactions among different fuel components and between fuel and engine oil. Road mapping engine technology for post2020 heavy duty vehicles detroit, october 5th 2011 dr. Concentrations of particulate matter, nox, hc, co, and co2 measured at a fixed sampling position were found to be repeatable between different campaigns.
Pdf in the modern world, one of the largest concerns is the ever depleting supply of oil. This report is part of a series of technology and fuels assessment reports that. Implementing certain engine technologies may require changes in fuel. This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted. The term heavy fueled intermittent ignition engines hfiie comprises a class of engines that burn heavy fuels, and does not include turbine continuous ignition engines. Engines became more powerful, and vehicles became heavier, bigger, and faster. A risk assessment evaluation of new technology diesel engine exhaust composition jd budroe1, ag salmon1, ma marty1 1office of environmental health hazard assessment oehha, oakland, ca abstract diesel engine exhaust dee has been demonstrated to cause several toxic. The report discusses the current state and projected development of heavy duty low emission natural gas engines over the next 5 to 10 years and includes a description of. Assessment of the heavyduty natural gas technology gkwh. Specifically, this technology assessment report provides a comprehensive assessment of low emission natural gas and other alternative fuel engines for heavy duty vehicles. Assessment of cycle energy of truck technologies model.
Fuel consumption model for heavy duty diesel trucks. Class a heavy fuel with low sulfur content was used to verify this effect. Specifically, this technology assessment report is intended to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current state and projected development over the next 5 to 10 years of lower oxides of nitrogen no x heavyduty diesel engines. Comparison of a standard substrate left with an advanced high porosity substrate. Department of energy, office of energy efficiency and renewable energy february 23, 2016. A risk assessment evaluation of new technology diesel engine. Effect of platooning on fuel consumption of class 8. Market segmentation analysis of medium and heavy duty trucks.
Characterization of particles from a current technology heavy. Dtna ddc super truck team road mapping engine technology for post2020 heavy duty vehicles detroit, october 5th 2011 dr. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies for improved environmental performance towards zero carbon transportation. Fch heavyduty trucks brussels, fall 2017 development of business cases. Purpose of technology assessment inform policy decisions that support technology development and use assess emerging technologies and fuels trucks and buses, locomotives.
Abs notes on heavy fuel oil 1984 7 section 2 marine fuel oil origins and the influence of refinery processes 1 crude oil sources petroleum products, in general, whether diesel oil, lubricating oil, light fuel oil or heavy fuel oil, are essentially composed of two major elements, carbon and hydrogen. Certain fuel would need a dedicated combustion regime and carefully chosen engine parameters to reach high efficiency and low emissions. Notes on heavy fuel oil american bureau of shipping. Further, these systems are compared to the conventional main engine propulsion system that is fueled by heavy fuel oil, with a focus on the economic and environmental perspectives. Fuel cell heavy duty trucks offer a zeroemission alternative for roadbased logistics services, initially likely in a regional context fuel cell heavy duty trucks 14 brief description. Characterization of particles from a current technology. Penetration of fuel saving technologies into the heavyduty fleet has been spurred by. Summary of available zeroemission heavy duty technologies 589 kb pdf, 25 pgs. Technology frontier for turbocharged engines chart is taken from epas technical paper describing the current technology frontier.
The assessments overarching objective is to characterize feasibility for nearterm 2018 to 2021, largescale deployments of. Sox and pm regulations in eca, which come into effect in 2015, state that the sulfur content in. The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the governing board of the national research council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the national academy of sciences, the national academy of engineering, and the institute of. Market segmentation analysis of medium and heavy duty. For each technology, the assessment will include a description of the technology, its suitability in different. Improvements for heavyduty engine and vehicle test procedures, and other technical.
Heavy focus on advanced engine technology like those shown in the table. Diesellng engines are becoming popular for ships and heavyduty. Download a pdf of assessment of fuel economy technologies for lightduty vehicles by the. Heavyduty diesel engine emission control technology developments from euro iii to vi euro iii to euro iv euro iv to euro v euro v to euro vi euro iii technology highpressure fuel injection electronic fuel timing and metering, including timing retard for low no x combustion and airfuel controls improvements in engine. The following assessment is based on the implementation timeline presented by carb. Heavy vehicle mobile equipment mechanics who overhaul, service and repair the mechanical parts of heavy mobile equipment such as the engine, transmission clutch, gear box and differential and the suspension systems springs, steering, brakes, wheels and tyres. A technology assessment based on a twostage delphi study. Model development and testing article pdf available in transportation research part d transport and environment 55. Fuel reactivity is a key issue in the promising new combustion regimes. Engine technology pathways for heavyduty vehicles in india. Much progress has been made on zeroemissions technology for medium and heavyduty onroad vehicles. Calculators may be used to complete this practice assessment, but the majority of the quiz. F oreword t his report presents the results of the office of technology assessments analysis of the prospects for developing automobiles that offer significant.
Specifically, this technology assessment report provides a comprehensive assessment of low emission natural gas and other alternative fuel engines for heavyduty vehicles. Download a pdf of assessment of fuel economy technologies for lightduty. The views expressed in this report are the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of. The national academies press 500 fifth street, nw washington, dc 20001. Commercial medium and heavyduty truck fuel efficiency. Technologies to improve fuel efficiency of heavy duty trucks.
Assessment of fuel economy technologies for lightduty vehicles. Horsepower is an important factor in an automobiles fuel consumption. Assessing the efficiency potential of future gasoline. The third is the extra cost of the natural gas engine, which is not as easily absorbed as in the case of heavy duty trucks, because passenger cars and light duty trucks travel less than heavy duty trucks and the fuel cost is a smaller portion of the total cost. To protect the environment from toxic gas releases no x, so x.
Ultimate guide to renting or buying heavy equipment. A risk assessment evaluation of new technology diesel. Offering unprecedented reliability, predator has the highest. Alan stout, office of transportation and air quality, assessment and standards division, environmental protection agency, 2000 traverwood drive, ann arbor, mi 48105. A preliminary study on an alternative ship propulsion. Dual fuel vehicles could play an important role in the decarbonisation of the heavy duty segment. Vehicle technologies and fuel cell technologies office research. A comparative life cycle assessment of marine fuels. Engine technology forged to meet future requirements heavy duty engine displacement n ds.
The assessment investigated emerging technologies that have the ability to reduce fuel consumption by targeting different energy loss mechanisms. Ward3 1 energy systems division, argonne national laboratory 2 ta engineering, inc. Flexditm spark ignited heavy fuels flexditm is productionproven direct fuel injection technology able to offer an advanced spark ignition solution for heavy fuel engines including jp5, jp8 and jeta1. These standards projected the use of highefficiency catalytic exhaust emission control devices. A risk assessment evaluation of new technology diesel engine exhaust composition jd budroe1, ag salmon1, ma marty1 1office of environmental health hazard assessment oehha, oakland, ca abstract diesel engine exhaust dee has been demonstrated to cause several toxic effects in animals and humans. Heavy duty vehicle ghg emission standards and flexibility d. The former is often found in class 46 heavy duty vehicles while the latter is found in class 78 vehicles. In view of the uncertainty of zero emission technologies for hdvs, it is important to maintain options related to internal combustion engines, potentially beyond the shorttomedium term.
The engine top end and bottom end must be timed together. This rule established a comprehensive national program that regulated a heavy duty engine and its fuel as a single system, with emission standards taking effect beginning with model year 2007 and fully phasing in by model year 2010. Concept assessment of a fission fragment rocket engine ffre propelled spacecraft. Epa and nhtsa propose standards to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve fuel efficiency of medium and heavyduty vehicles for model year 2018 and beyond epaxxxnhtsaxxx the u. Assessment of the heavy duty natural gas technology 2015 report eur 27415 en. This rule established a comprehensive national program that regulated a heavyduty engine and its fuel as a single system, with emission standards taking effect beginning with model year 2007 and fully phasing in by model year 2010. The major challenges for the rotary engine to use a heavy fuel such as jp8 include its inherently low compression ratio, high.
Heavyduty vehicle diesel engine efficiency evaluation and energy. Our latest infographic, navigating the heavy equipment rental process, helps walk you through the initial assessment of whether renting or buying heavy equipment is the best option, then provides additional tips about the next steps to take when renting equipment. Assessing the efficiency potential of future gasoline engines. V2v, and braking and engine torque authority to enable vehicles to follow safely in close proximity with the goal of reducing fuel. Automotive repair maintenance apprenticeshipcentral. Technologies and approaches to reducing the fuel consumption of medium and heavy duty vehicles evaluates various technologies and methods that could improve the fuel economy of medium and heavy duty vehicles, such as tractortrailers, transit buses, and work trucks. An increase in the injection pressure resulted in an increase in the nonvolatile nucleation mode core emission at medium. Medium and heavy duty trucks with a fuel cell emphasis. The assessments overarching objective is to characterize feasibility for nearterm 2018 to 2021, largescale deployments of drayage trucks using such platforms. The assessment content is based on input from secondary, postsecondary, and businessindustry representatives from the states of north dakota, pennsylvania, texas, and virginia. How much horsepower do you actually need to satisfy your everyday driving needs. Certificate iii in automotive mechanical technology. The study aims to support a coalition of currently more than 90 european regions and cities in their assessment of fuel cells and hydrogen applications to support project development. Dualfuel technology development for heavyduty long haul.
In particular, a dual fuel engine combustion technology. The effects of the fuel injection pressure on a heavy duty diesel engine exhaust particle emissions were studied. It became clear that the handling and installation of a liquid like methanol had clear advantages over gas or cryogenic fuels regarding fuel storage and bunkering. Download a pdf of assessment of fuel economy technologies for lightduty vehicles by the national research council for free. Where assessment of competency includes thirdparty evidence, individuals must provide evidence that links them to the heavy vehicle diesel fuel injection systems that they have worked on, e. Technologies to improve fuel efficiency of heavy duty trucks michael d. Specifically, this technology assessment report is intended to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current state and projected development over the next 5 to 10 years of lower oxides of nitrogen no x heavy duty diesel engines. Heavyfuel engine offsets the need for special fuels on the battlefield. The use of liquefied natural gas lng in transport is a suitable option to power, large long distance trucks in areas where gas is transported as lng because there are indigenous gas supplies and no gas network.
The physical properties, chemical properties, and morphology of particles from a current technology diesel engine run under steadystate conditions were determined during five campaigns across three calendar years. On average, todays vehicles offer about twice the horsepower of their counterparts from the early 1980s. Groups of technology families which perform similar services which allow users to, at. Although the imo tier iii nox regulations do not refer to fuel limitations, the type of fuel will be limited within the eca. The report discusses the current state and projected development of heavyduty low emission natural gas engines over the next 5 to 10 years and includes a description of. Effect of platooning on fuel consumption of class 8 vehicles over a.
Advanced combustion engines and fuels, and materials technology. Dualfuel technology development for heavyduty long haul applications in 2014 and beyond marc vanderslice principal investigator jim kerekes program manager presenter. Vehicle technologies and fuel cell technologies office. Heavyduty vehicle diesel engine efficiency evaluation and. Horsepowers effect on fuel consumption what is the issue. Pdf fuel consumption model for heavy duty diesel trucks. However, the specifics of the engine technology and life cycle of the fuel should be taken into account to give a comprehensive comparison with traditional technologies. The project objective was to further assist in the commercialization of fuel cell and h2 technology by building further upon the successful fuel cell. The use of lng in passenger cars is far less viable because on average passenger cars stand idle more often, which would give rise to high evaporative losses. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies for. The zeroemission lightduty vehicles that are commercially available as of 2018 are listed in the document, available zeroemission light duty vehicles 173 kb pdf, 1 pg. Epa, 2019 indicates that a number of diesel engine families certified since 2010 have shown the ability to achieve 0. Vehicle technologies and fuel cell technologies program.
Most of this fuel goes to medium and heavyduty trucks. Kirsch stanford university paul komor office of technology assessment adrian lund insurance institute for highway safety. The effects of the fuel injection pressure on a heavyduty diesel engine exhaust particle emissions were studied. Assessment must include direct observation of tasks. Natural gas engine an overview sciencedirect topics. Deterioration of fuel and engine oil quality will affect longterm fuel storage and vehicle functionality by formation of deposits and sludge and is manifested. Mild hybridisation of mediumheavy duty dual fuel vehicles, and improvement. Advances in diesellng internal combustion engines mdpi. Automotive fuel and emissions control systems 2nd edition pdf. Heavy duty engine ghg emission standards and flexibility c. Nonvolatile particle size distributions and gaseous emissions were measured at steadystate engine conditions while the fuel injection pressure was changed.
The book also recommends approaches that federal agencies could use to. The fcev market segmentation project aims to identify the most promising markets for mediumheavy. Prospective benefits assessment report for fiscal year 2016 anlesd162 by t. Office of technology assessment michael gage calstart john gully advanced research projects agency elizabeth gunn office of technology assessment s. Assessment of greenhouse gas and air pollutant reduction potential amir sharafian. The following assessment is based on the implementation timeline and regulatory. Flexditm is also able to be used for spark ignited diesel applications. If engine feed were drawn from the gas phase, the heavier, higher boiling. The block, highlighted at right in grey, is a heavy metal casting, usually cast iron or aluminum, which. Dotfaaar0842 heavyfueled intermittent ignition engines. Effect of fuel injection pressure on a heavyduty diesel. Little or no publically available data describing its operation or effectiveness selecting technologies for assessment example. The assessment content is based on input from secondary, postsecondary, and businessindustry representatives from the states of kentucky, michigan, and pennsylvania. Fuel cell electric heavy duty trucks are otherwiseconventional multiton trucks using compressed hydrogen gas as a fuel.